Statistical functions

Statistical functions

If statistical functions are abbreviated as single letters, use either Greek or roman letters. Use italics for roman letters, but not for Greek letters or superscripts. The following table provides examples.

Symbol Definition

P

probability (eg P ≤ 0.05)

F

variance ratio (F-test)

N

number of subjects in a total sample

n

number of subjects in a limited portion of the total sample

R

coefficient of multiple correlation

r

coefficient of correlation

ρ

coefficient of correlation (population)

χ2

chi-squared

Q

Cochran chi-square (Note: Cochran is spelt without an e, unlike Cochrane Collaboration, which has an e.)

I2

heterogeneity coefficient (not in italics)
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