Dangling modifiers

Any opening phrase must connect with the following subject. If it does not, the meaning can be confusing or lost. You can fix this by clarifying the subject:

Wondering irresolutely what to do, the clock struck midnight. [‘the clock’ wasn’t wondering …]
becomes
While he wondered irresolutely what to do, the clock struck midnight.

Coming towards the Sydney Town Hall, the statue of Queen Victoria looms up on your right. [‘the statue of Queen Victoria’ wasn’t on the move …]
becomes
As you come towards the Sydney Town Hall, the statue of Queen Victoria looms up on your right.

As a valued subscriber, we can offer you a reduced rate. [‘we’ are not the valued subscriber]
becomes
As a valued subscriber, you are entitled to a reduced rate.

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